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The Little Endian refers to a computer data model in which the most significant byte of a data word is stored first. The term is derived from the notion that most people are right-handed and the word is therefore written left-to-right, beginning with the least significant byte.
Little-Endian is an extension to Little-Endian, which means "the byte that is written to the lowest address is the least significant byte" (and the Byte Order Mark indicates that the highest address is the most significant byte).
Endianness is a property of a data model, and not necessarily a property of a computer architecture. The little-endian architecture of IBM mainframes in the 1960s followed the order of bytes in the architecture, while the Intel 8086 and 8088 microprocessors of the early 1980s had big-endian, as did the DEC PDP-11. Most other microprocessors of the 1980s and 1990s followed big-endian. Since the 2000s, microprocessors often used little-endian.
Usage
Little Endian is a data representation scheme in which the lowest-numbered bytes of a multi-byte word are stored first. This usually applies to hardware and system architectures where, for example, the most significant bit of the address is at the left-hand edge of the computer's address bus and address is transmitted in the order of the bits of the bus, from the most significant to the least significant.
On a computer with the memory arranged in byte or word address order, the Little Endian byte order is the reverse of the word order. For example, the address 200 in word order means the byte containing the most significant bit of the word, while on a computer with memory arranged in byte order, the address 200 would mean the byte containing the least significant bit.
Examples
Little-Endian in programming languages
In the C programming language, the byte order is defined by the endianness of the machine, and consequently the byte order is not fixed in the C language and has been defined as an implementation-defined issue. The C language does not specify the byte order, but all the existing widely used C implementations use little-endian byte order.
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